The Israel Antiquities Authority uncovered the main aqueduct that conveyed water to the Temple Mount and also served as the principal water supply to the Sultan's Pool, during an excavation carried out prior to the construction of the Montefi ore Museum in Mishkenot Sha'ananim.

The ancient aqueduct supplied pilgrims and residents with water for drinking and purification. Most tourists and locals are familiar with the Sultan's Pool as a venue for the annual International Arts and Crafts Fair and other cultural events. However, for hundreds of years it was one of the city's most important water reservoirs.